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Titre de l’article The Impact of Maltreatment on Structural Connectivity in Conduct Disorder
Code d’article P08
Auteurs
  1. Arzie Bajrami Universitäre Kliniken Basel (UPK-KJ) Conférencier
  2. Joshua Sammet
  3. Ana Cubillo Universitäre Psychiatrische Klinik (UPK) Basel
  4. Jack Rogers Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
  5. Nora M. Raschle Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich
  6. Kerstin Konrad Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
  7. Christine Margarete Freitag Goethe University Frankfurt
  8. Graeme Fairchild Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
  9. Stephane A. De Brito Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
  10. Gregor Kohls Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
  11. Christina Stadler Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken Basel UPK
Forme de présentation Poster
Domaines thématiques
  • T08 - Conduct disorders
Résumé (Abstract) Introduction: Conduct disorder (CD) is characterized by antisocial behavior and its heterogeneity can be partially explained by callous-unemotional (CU) traits. In addition, childhood maltreatment is associated with CD and CU traits, exerting a strong impact on behavior, cognition, and emotion. We aimed to explore the relationship between brain regions and their connections using graph theory to analyse structural connectivity in CD.
Method: A total of 251 participants (MAGE=13.99) from the femNAT-CD study were included. GraphVar software in MATLAB was used for graph analysis of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and T1-weighted MRI images. Structural connectivity coefficients were analyzed between youth with CD (NCD=96) and typically developing youth (NTD=155). We then compared maltreated (+M; NCD+M=63) and non-maltreated (-M; NCD-M=33) subgroups within CD to assess the impact of maltreatment. Interaction analyses explored potential effects of CU traits within the CD subgroups.
Results: Significant differences were found, particularly in the orbitofrontal cortex, limbic systems, and basal ganglia. Hyperconnectivity was observed in CD youth compared to TD, as well as in CD+M compared to CD-M. We also found Interaction effects with CU traits, indicating hypoconnectivity in CD+M compared to CD-M.
Conclusion: The observed hyper- and hypoconnectivity may be explained by the compensation mechanism and stress acceleration hypothesis, potentially playing a crucial role in neural plasticity and network cost efficiency, thereby impacting the risk of neurodegeneration. Given previous inconclusive results, future research should consider various types and severities of maltreatment. Developing a mechanistic understanding of connectivity is crucial for advancing treatments that target brain network reorganization.